People development

FEATURE: In the latest in the new series of The Police Student focusing on Criminology in Policing, Policing Insight Academic Editor Dr Carina O’Reilly explores right realist perspectives, rational actors, and the development of a societal ‘underclass’.

ANALYSIS: Last month the Global Law Enforcement & Public Health Association (GLEPHA) published a series of reports as part of the ‘Envisaging the future of policing and public health’ project, covering a range of topics including violence prevention, diversion, and policing mental health; in the third in a series of seven articles, Policing Insight’s Thomas James looks at GLEPHA’s report on working with marginalised communities within Mozambique, Australia and Liberia.

FEATURE: Speaking at a recent Police Foundation event, Mark Evans – Executive Lead for Future Policing at New Zealand Police – explained how forces can build effective partnerships and take steps to improve trust and confidence, the benefits of listening to ‘angry friends’, and what senior officers must do to change the organisations they lead, as Policing Insight’s James Sweetland reports.

FEATURE: Speaking at the Canterbury Centre for Policing Research’s annual conference, Dr Emma Williams – Director of the Open University’s the Centre for Policing Research and an academic with years of experience exploring the police approach to rape cases – gave her overview of why reform in this area is so difficult to get right, and her hopes that Operation Soteria could provide the path to progress, as Policing Insight’s James Sweetland reports.

FEATURE: Following a string of scandals and tough inspection reports, there have been near-constant demands for policing in England and Wales to reform; at the recent Canterbury Centre for Policing Research annual conference, three academics presented their blueprints for making change a reality – from new powers to intervene in failing forces, to adopting UN standards, and creating a new ‘police reserve’ – as Policing Insight’s James Sweetland reports.

INTERVIEW: After 41 years in policing – the past four as Commissioner of the Royal Turks and Caicos Islands Police Force – Trevor Botting retired recently, although admits he may have not hung up his uniform altogether; he spoke to Policing Insight’s Sarah Gibbons about the challenges leading an island force in the West Indies, the need to nurture local recruits, and why the force’s firearms officers are among the bravest he has worked with.

INTERVIEW: Police personnel and their families continue to be at risk from online hate and harmful threats; Professor Petra Bayerl from the Centre of Excellence in Terrorism, Resilience, Intelligence & Organised Crime Research (CENTRIC), explained to Policing Insight how a ground-breaking project with six police forces is seeking to better understand the challenges, risks and harms police officers and their families face when online.

FEATURE: Initial findings from the HM Inspectorate of Constabulary and Fire & Rescue investigation into activism and impartiality, revealed in an interim update from HM Chief Inspector of Constabulary Andy Cooke, highlight striking concerns about politicisation, with most senior officers saying they’ve experienced “improper pressure or interference from significant political figures”, as Policing Insight’s James Sweetland reports.

OPINION: This month saw the launch of a new UK Code of Ethics by the College of Policing; but former officer and now author and University of Central Lancashire Policing Lecturer Derek Flint believes the revised code is so lengthy and wide ranging that the core messages may well be lost, while also providing barristers or IOPC investigators with a means by which to trip up staff and officers who are trying their level best.

FEATURE: Serving and former UK police officers are working with academics and students to provide support for policing in Ukraine, in a bid to prepare the country for the possible influx on corruption when work eventually begins to rebuild the nation post-conflict, as Policing Insight’s Sarah Gibbons reports.

ANALYSIS: Research in Kenya and more widely across Africa has highlighted low public trust in police and a prevailing perception of corruption, and that lack of trust in Kenyan police has been expressed more keenly by those living in urban areas; Professors Kristine Höglund and Emma Elfversson of Uppsala University explore the reasons for the differences between urban and rural communities, the implications for police reform, and what can be done to address the issue.

ANALYSIS: This month the Global Law Enforcement & Public Health Association (GLEPHA) published a series of reports as part of the ‘Envisaging the future of policing and public health’ project, covering a range of topics including violence prevention, mental health, and policing marginalised communities; in the first in a series of seven articles, Policing Insight’s Thomas James looks at GLEPHA’s report on diversion, defection and referral programmes, including examples from the UK, US, South Africa, Italy, Vietnam, Belarus and Ukraine.

FEATURE: The Garda Representative Association (GRA) has claimed the force faces an “unprecedented retention crisis” after exit interviews of Gardaí highlighted unfair treatment by management, low morale and lack of support as reasons for leaving the force; but An Garda Síochána says resignation levels are “far below” those of UK forces, with “historically high numbers of extensions and promotions” demonstrating a high level of commitment by officers, reports Policing Insight’s Sarah Gibbons.

FEATURE: Delivering the keynote address at the Canterbury Centre for Policing Research’s annual conference, Kent Chief Constable Tim Smith identified the problems facing policing at a national and local level – including concerns about politicisation, funding challenges, and a highly inexperienced workforce post-Uplift, as Policing Insight’s James Sweetland reports.

ANALYSIS: With law enforcement in many democracies focusing on the need to develop a policing culture committed to society’s ethical values, the issue of moral injury – when an officer experiences psychological distress arising from actions (or a lack of action) that violates their own moral code – has come to the fore; Policing Insight’s Matthew Wood, a former Toronto Police officer and now part-time professor, explores the concept of moral injury, it’s impact on officers and communities, and what can be done to address the issue.

FEATURE: The latest survey of police wellbeing in England and Wales, coupled with a report comparing research from other staff associations, inspectorates and other bodies, has highlighted significant increases in stress and anxiety and a decline in feeling valued among officers which could also impact on service delivery; but forces that have acknowledged and prioritised wellbeing issues have seen a much more positive trajectory for officers and staff, reports Policing Insight’s Sarah Gibbons.

OPINION: The fall in public trust and confidence has become an issue for policing in many jurisdictions, and recent research in Canada suggests the country’s law enforcement agencies have work to do; Vernon White, former Chief of Ottawa Police Service, and Joe Carlebach, former Hammersmith and Fulham councillor, explore the findings from the most recent surveys, and the efforts being made by a number of forces to rebuild public trust.

FEATURE: University of Tasmania Professor of Criminology Rob White has warned that police officers are currently ill-equipped to deal with the demands of climate change and its associated crimes, and will face exhaustion and extended trauma unless operational approaches are significantly overhauled and more extensive collaborations with other agencies are introduced, as Policing Insight’s Sarah Gibbons reports.

FEATURE: Drowning in the UK accounts for more accidental fatalities annually than fire deaths in the home or cycling deaths on the road, and in many of these incidents the police are the first responders on scene; Policing Insight’s Andrew Staniforth looks at the UK’s Drowning Prevention Strategy, the police response, and the work of the RNLI and others in reducing deaths in and around water.

ANALYSIS: One of the arguments put forward for the launch of new non-degree recruitment pathways in the UK is that the public want police officers on the streets rather than in classrooms; but research by former police officer Tom Andrews, now a University of Derby Policing Lecturer, suggests that the public are in favour of post-A Level qualifications for police officers – just don’t call them degrees.

FEATURE: In the latest in the new series of The Police Student focusing on Criminology in Policing, Policing Insight Academic Editor Dr Carina O’Reilly explores critical perspectives on crime, including Marxist approaches to criminology, white collar crimes and corruption, and critical race theory.

FEATURE: The police disciplinary processes in New Zealand and the UK have been overhauled in recent months; but despite the reforms, staff associations representing frontline officers in both countries are still voicing strong concerns over the lengthy delays involved in misconduct investigations which – in the worst cases – can leave officers waiting years for allegations to be resolved, significantly impacting both their own health and public confidence, as Policing Insight’s Sarah Gibbons reports.

INTERVIEW: In the second part of his interview with Policing Insight, Det Supt Ian Kirby, the recently appointed CEO of the National Cyber Resilience Centre Group, spoke to James Sweetland about the benefits of the Cyber PATH programme, and the importance of all officers having enough understanding of cybercrime to be able to offer basic advice and support to victims.

INTERVIEW: In recent years – and particularly since the Covid pandemic – the levels of public trust and confidence in policing in the UK have shown a worrying decline; Policing Insight’s Martin Gallagher spoke to Prof Ros Searle, an occupational psychologist and specialist in organisational trust, about the challenges facing policing, and what it can do around recruitment and leadership to rebuild that trust and confidence.