North America

INNOVATION: In the latest in a series of articles exploring how artificial intelligence (AI) can be used in policing, Chief Philip Lukens looks at the potential benefits that AI solutions can deliver in relation to accreditation and performance – including a master training schedule, an AI-assisted tool to review and update policy, and an automated compliance checker – all of which can save time and resources, increase reliability, and boost trust and confidence.

INNOVATION: The use of DNA to solve crimes and identify offenders has been a key tool for policing for almost 40 years; now the growing use of forensic genetic genealogy – also known as investigative genetic genealogy – has the potential to be a similar game changer in investigating cold cases, as Policing Insight’s Vernon White reports.

INNOVATION: In the second in a series of articles exploring how artificial intelligence (AI) can be used in policing, Chief Philip Lukens looks at how wearable sensors and AI can enhance the physical and mental health of law enforcement professionals, echoing the NASA model to ensure that officers are not “compromised by cheap and inadequate healthcare”.

ANALYSIS: With law enforcement approaches in various jurisdictions encountering both common and unique challenges, efforts to reform policing models have taken different forms and have had varying levels of success; Policing Insight’s Matthew Wood compares and contrasts the main reform efforts in Canada, the Republic of Ireland, the UK and the US over the past decade, exploring the successes and highlighting where more needs to be done.

FEATURE: In January the Global Law Enforcement & Public Health Association (GLEPHA) published a series of reports as part of the ‘Envisaging the future of policing and public health’ project, covering a range of topics including harm reduction, diversion, and violence against women and girls; in the last in a series of seven articles, Policing Insight’s Thomas James looks at GLEPHA’s report on the police response to those in mental health crisis.

OPINION: With increased evidence of police officers around the world experiencing growing mental health trauma and PTSD, Neil Woods, a former undercover drugs officer and chairman of the Law Enforcement Action Partnership (LEAP) UK, believes policing urgently needs to explore the psychiatry revolution involving psychedelic medicine to protect officers’ mental health.

FEATURE: In the first in a series of white papers and articles exploring how artificial intelligence (AI) can be used in policing, AI expert Chief Philip Lukens looks at how body-worn cameras using elements of AI – such as natural language processing, computer vision, and machine learning – can be used to extract, classify, and summarize key information from police encounters with the public, with a view to improving public confidence and trust.

ANALYSIS: As organisations, individuals and communities around the world look to mark International Women’s Day, Dr Sarah Jane Fox of the University of Leicester Law School looks at the progress and challenges around women’s representation and roles in policing globally, and considers what more policing could and should be doing to achieve gender equality and equity.

FEATURE: Police recruitment has become increasingly challenging, particularly in reaction to addressing community under-representation; Policing Insight’s Vernon White, a former Chief of Ottawa Police and RCMP officer, looks back at a recruitment programme in northern Canada’s Nunavut territory, where English Second Language classes and corrective laser eye surgery were among the initiatives employed to increase recruitment from the Inuit community.

OPINION: With the recent report from the Angiolini Inquiry the latest high-profile criticism of UK policing culture, former officer turned police trainer Graham Goulden believes it is time to drop conformity, e-learning and a ‘whack a mole’ approach to misconduct in favour of an active bystandership that will help to instil critical loyalty among colleagues.

ANALYSIS: Police officers in many jurisdictions are trained to be in a “state of heightened alert” when on patrol, both to detect and prevent crime, and for self-preservation; but Prof Jesse Cheng of DePaul University College of Law in Chicago argues that such an approach can lead officers into “addictive hypervigilance” behaviours which significantly increase the unwarranted use of force.

OPINION: Law enforcement is increasingly looking to new technology – particularly surveillance cameras, artificial intelligence and facial recognition – in the fight against crime; but Dr Joanna Pozzulo, Chancellor’s Professor at Canada’s Carleton University, argues that legislation must keep up to protect people’s rights and privacy, along with greater public transparency and more research into the impact of technology on the criminal justice system.

FEATURE: The latest report from Statistics Canada shows that firearm-related violent crime in the country has reached a 14-year high, with shooting homicides reaching record levels, prompting calls for more resources to be put into frontline policing, as Policing Insight’s Sarah Gibbons reports.

FREE SUBSCRIBER ACCESS: Policing Insight welcomes officers and staff at South Yorkshire Police who now have FREE subscriber access with the start of a new organisation wide subscription. They join a community of officers and staff from many other UK and international police, criminal justice and emergency services organisations with an interest in progressive policing. Read on to find out how to use your FREE subscriber access.

FREE SUBSCRIBER ACCESS: Policing Insight welcomes staff at the Inspectorate of Policing for Ontario, Canada who now have FREE access with the start of a new organisation wide subscription. They join a community of officers and staff from many other UK and international police, criminal justice and emergency services organisations with an interest in progressive policing. Read on to find out how to use your FREE subscriber access.

OPINION: The fall in public trust and confidence has become an issue for policing in many jurisdictions, and recent research in Canada suggests the country’s law enforcement agencies have work to do; Vernon White, former Chief of Ottawa Police Service, and Joe Carlebach, former Hammersmith and Fulham councillor, explore the findings from the most recent surveys, and the efforts being made by a number of forces to rebuild public trust.

FEATURE: Natural disasters can have a huge impact on communities in any location, but the response from police and emergency services in rural areas can be particularly stretched because of the lack of resources; Dr Jessica Peterson of Southern Oregon University believes law enforcement agencies could gain significant benefits from partnering with academic institutions to improve their preparedness, as Policing Insight’s Sarah Gibbons reports.

FEATURE: As we welcome in 2024, Policing Insight Editor Keith Potter looks back over what the past 12 months have meant for policing in the UK and internationally, how those issues have been covered by Policing Insight, and the continuing challenges and opportunities for the year ahead.

FEATURE: New research to be undertaken by Dr Kyle Mulrooney and Dr Alistair Harkness of the University of New England will explore how the combination of limited resources and deep-rooted community connections is leaving rural policing ill-equipped to deal with the growing ideological and political conflict between urban and rural communities, as Policing Insight’s Sarah Gibbons reports.

OPINION: Stop-and-frisk is a controversial policy in US policing, but formed a key plank of Philadelphia Mayor-elect Cherelle Parker’s campaign manifesto in an effort to tackle gun violence; Arizona State University Professors Michael D White and Henry F Fradella believe stop-and-frisk can be used effectively and without contravening the constitution, if coupled with careful controls and a change in culture and accountability.

OPINION: The Hamas attack on Israel on 7 October, and Israel’s subsequent ground invasion of Gaza, has led to significant rise in hate crime attacks on both Jews and pro-Palestinians in the US; but Professor Jeannine Bell of Chicago’s Loyola University believes complex legislation, inadequate police training and a lack of specialists officers and prosecutors means that hate crimes are rarely reported, well investigated, charged or brought to trial.

LONG READ: The role of police officers in schools is an often-controversial topic, with some viewing their presence as essential to help divert young people from a criminal future or protect them from being victims of crime, while others argue that police involvement risks criminalising young people – especially those from ethnic minority backgrounds; Policing Insight’s James Sweetland explores all sides of this contentious debate.

OPINION: South Yorkshire Police Detective Chief Inspector Aneela Khalil-Khan is one of the country’s most senior female officers of colour, and recently completed a Fulbright Scholarship study looking at the recruitment, retention, and progression of minority female officers in the UK and the US; in this article she explains the findings from her research, and shares some of her own personal experiences.

FEATURE: Overdoses of the synthetic opioid fentanyl, which kills twice as many US citizens and 10 times as many Canadian people than firearms each year, are starting to increase in the UK and Europe; Vernon White, former Chief of Ottawa Police Service, and Joe Carlebach, former Hammersmith and Fulham councillor, explore the efforts being made to stem the supply of the precursor ingredients from China, and manufactured, street-grade fentanyl from Mexico and Canada.