Opinion

OPINION: The UK’s policing by consent model was founded on Sir Robert Peel’s nine principles, but University of Staffordshire Senior Lecturer Dr John Lamb fears that the long-term impact of austerity cuts has damaged that model almost beyond the point of resurrection, and has issued a “rallying cry” for the public to demand that politicians properly fund the service in the hope that policing by consent can be resuscitated.

OPINION: Data-driven evidence-based policing has the potential to enhance both public safety and community trust; however, Dr Vidal Chavannes, Director of Strategy, Research and Organizational Performance at Durham Regional Police Service, warns that without community-centric data governance, where policing co-creates data policies with those communities most affected by them, such an approach risks becoming “another mechanism for control rather than a tool for genuine reform”.

INNOVATION: With increasing recognition of the opportunities for artificial intelligence (AI) to significantly reduce the time and costs associated with some policing activities, the push for wider use of such technology has never been greater; in the last in a series of articles on AI in policing, Matt Palmer, Product Director, Public Safety from NEC Software Solutions, explores the key issues around ensuring the technology is used ethically and transparently.

OPINION: A new crime of ‘wage theft’ was established in New Zealand this month, but as the Act which introduced it was progressing through Parliament, it was clear MPs believed the police would be responsible for enforcing the legislation; Irene Nikoloudakis, PhD in Law Candidate at the University of Adelaide, believes that police are ill-equipped to investigate such offences, pointing instead to the Australian model of using the workplace regulator to undertake investigations and enforcement.

INNOVATION: Following on from the recent Beyond Bureaucracy conference on artificial intelligence (AI) in the criminal justice system (CJS), independent policing and technology expert Giles Herdale explores some of the main opportunities and challenges facing police and the CJS in the successful development, adoption and implementation of effective AI technologies.

OPINION: In the second in a regular series of articles and opinion pieces from the Association of Police and Crime Commissioners (APCC), Merseyside Police and Crime Commissioner Emily Spurrell, Chair of the APCC, looks at the measures included in the Crime and Policing Bill currently progressing through Parliament, and the steps that PCCs, PFCCs and deputy mayors will play in helping to ensure those changes are delivered for the benefit of local communities.

OPINION: The UK Government has pledged to halve violence against women and girls, but University of Liverpool Professor Barry Godfrey and University of Manchester Professor David Gadd argue that the current recency, frequency, gravity, and victim algorithm used to determine which offenders pose the greatest risk to women and girls is ineffective, and propose moving to determination using a life-course approach, which considers the type and pattern of offending as it develops over time.

OPINION: A recent judgment by the Investigatory Powers Tribunal found that the Police Service of Northern Ireland and the Metropolitan Police had unlawfully conducted surveillance into two investigative journalists; former Detective Chief Inspector Steve Christopher, a Senior Lecturer in Criminal Justice at Leicester’s De Montfort University, fears this latest example of “egregious conduct” around covert policing could be “merely the tip of the iceberg”.

OPINION: The ’ndrangheta – the Calabrian Mafia – has a long history of involvement in cocaine trafficking and other illegal activities in Australia, with networks that also stretch into Europe, North America and Latin America; University of Essex Professor of Criminology Dr Anna Sergi, an expert on the ’ndrangheta, looks at the organisation’s two different operating models, its efforts to integrate and diversify into legitimate business, and what law enforcement and legislators can do to tackle its influence and activities.

OPINION: Police legitimacy is essential in ensuring public trust and confidence, and ethical decision-making and the use of discretion are key issues in reinforcing that legitimacy with the public; University of Portsmouth PhD Researcher and former police officer David Knowles explores why an understanding of theories and philosophies of ethical decision-making should be included within police education, and how it could benefit officers while enabling improved use of the national decision model.

OPINION: The discovery of a caravan full of explosives in Sydney had raised serious fears about potential terrorism, but after a series of raids this week the Australian Federal Police described this and 14 antisemitic attacks as a “con job” carried out by organised crime groups; Griffith University Associate Professor Dr Keiran Hardy looks at why – despite generating terror in the community – these incidents have not resulted in terrorism charges, and how lesser charges can still result in justice.

INNOVATION: Artificial intelligence (AI) technology presents opportunities to support police officers in many aspects of their work, but only as a helpmate, never an equal; in the second in a series of three articles on AI in policing, Matt Palmer, Product Director, Public Safety from NEC Software Solutions, highlights the importance of setting clear boundaries in defining the role of AI in policing.

FEATURE: As countries around the world mark Women’s History Month, with many also celebrating International Women’s Day on Saturday, 8 March, University of Leicester Associate Professor of Law and Policing Dr Sarah Jane Fox looks back at the roots of women in policing, and how this is reflected in modern efforts to achieve gender equality in law enforcement.

OPINION: The US first declared its ‘war on terror’ in the wake of the 9/11 attacks, and the impact of the approach was felt by policing in America and elsewhere; Liverpool John Moores University Policing Lecturer James Williams looks at the changing nature of US counter-terrorism since 9/11, the growing focus on domestic terrorism, and the increasing threat posed by online extremism and ‘lone wolf’ attacks.

ANALYSIS: New laws proposed by the UK Government will be the first in the world to make it an offence to possess, create or distribute AI tools designed to generate child sexual abuse material; Simon Bailey, Chair of the International Policing and Public Protection Research Institute (IPPPRI), and IPPPRI Director, Professor Sam Lundigran, explain why the new laws will be crucial in the fight against the growing scale of AI-generated online child abuse images.

ANALYSIS: With illicit drug use increasing by 20% over the past decade, University of York Honorary Fellow and Associate Professor Ian Hamilton looks at the scale of the harm done by drugs around the world, the changing trends in supply and demand, and calls for a “complete shift” in the way governments and societies recognise and respond to what has become a global threat.

OPINION: The Police Superintendents’ Association (PSA) and the Superintendents’ Association of Northern Ireland recently submitted evidence to the Police Remuneration Review Body on pay and conditions, calling for (amongst other things) a fully funded 4.8% pay rise across all ranks, and a new health and wellbeing structure for officers and staff; PSA National Secretary Chief Superintendent Warren Franklin explains the reasoning behind the submission, and the need for a long-term strategy going forwards.

INNOVATION: There is enormous potential for artificial intelligence (AI) to assist with policing, but to realise that potential it’s important to gain public acceptance; in the first in a series of three articles on AI in policing, Matt Palmer, Product Director, Public Safety from NEC Software Solutions, recommends being open with the public about how AI is used.

OPINION: With police forces needing to adopt and implement data-driven approaches to meet evolving crimes and demands, Charlotte Hails, Justice and Policing Lead and Head of Public Sector Vertical Strategy at Virgin Media O2 Business, argues that leveraging more benefits from policing’s partnerships with the private sector can help to address key challenges around skills shortages and investing in long-term technology strategies.

INNOVATION: The continuing development of digital and multi-channel public contact is a key issue for policing across England and Wales; in the second in a series of police technology webinars produced by PolicingTV, NPCC Digital Public Contact Programme Social Media lead Patrick Robins and Digital Youth Engagement lead Alex Finn, and TOEX and CSE Taskforce Communications lead Natalie Reed, explored the benefits and risks of policing’s social media participation, and the challenges around engaging young people.

OPINION: In the first in a new regular series of articles and opinion pieces from the Association of Police and Crime Commissioners (APCC), Merseyside Police and Crime Commissioner Emily Spurrell, Chair of the APCC, highlights the PCC-based initiatives underway across England and Wales to reduce crime and improve community safety, particularly focusing on crime prevention and partnership working, with new research published this week underlining the effectiveness of multi-agency, evidence-based collaboration.

OPINION: With the terrorist threat level in Australia sitting at ‘probable’, former Australian Secretary of Home Affairs Michael Pezzullo warns that the current confusion over responsibility for counter-terrorism in the country is weakening security – particularly in relation to the anti-Semitic terror threat – and sets out 10 steps the government needs to take to address the problem.

INTERVIEW: Former New York Police Department Chief of Department Terry Monahan, who was a police officer in the city for 39 years, spoke to Policing Insight’s Ian Weinfass about how a new neighbourhood policing model and a genuine approach to listening to the community led to record low levels of crime and homicide, and how a famous picture of him taking a knee with Black Lives Matters protesters came about.

ANALYSIS: The Australian Government published a new counter-terrorism (CT) and counter-violent extremism (CVE) strategy last month, with surprisingly little publicity; Henry Campbell of the Australian Strategic Policy Institute (ASPI) believes that the new document is both light on CT policy and lacking in strategy, and fails to meet the new and evolving terrorist threat facing Australia.