Domestic abuse/family violence

FEATURE: Australia’s Queensland Police, like many other forces around the world, deal with worrying levels of domestic violence on a daily basis, with many incidents carried out by repeat offenders; but the introduction of a simple text messaging initiative to remind those subject to protection orders about the behaviour conditions they are required to follow has seen a significant drop in repeat offences and an associated reduction in costs, as Policing Insight’s Sarah Gibbons reports.

FEATURE: The challenges around tackling violence against women and girls (VAWG) have been the subject of intense public, political and policing debate in recent months, following a number of high-profile incidents and alarming statistics; Policing Lecturer Dr Anna Hopkins reports on a recent Open University conference which drew together police, politicians, practitioners and academics to address some of the key issues and consider ways forward.

ANALYSIS: This week’s publication of both the Crime Survey for England and Wales and the latest Police Recorded Crime (PRC) statistics offers the first comparable crime figures to before the pandemic; Meghan Elkin, joint head of crime statistics at the Office for National Statistics, explains how these latest figures can help to explain whether Covid has led to any sustained impacts on levels of crime, and how survey methods may also influence the data.

INNOVATION: With forces in England and Wales facing surging demand from domestic abuse victims, Kent Police embarked on a randomised control trial of a new rapid video response (RVR) to victims; Stacey Rothwell, Network Director for England’s Eastern Region of seven forces, explains the methodology behind the trial, and the key findings – including greater victim satisfaction, faster police response times and a 50% increase in arrests – which have led Kent to a force-wide introduction of RVR.

ANALYSIS: A multi-agency, multi-disciplinary initiative to safeguard children at risk in domestic abuse situations in Dorset involves social workers, police and healthcare professionals focusing on efforts to rebuild and restore family relationships and taking a ‘whole family working’ approach, explains Lisa Reid, Dorset Children’s Service’s Corporate Director for Quality Assurance and Safeguarding Families Together.

ADVERTISEMENT FEATURE: The violence against women and girls delivery framework, which launched in December 2021, sets out how policing will radically improve its response to violent and sexual crimes, and build trust and confidence. The WEPROTECT instant victim referral service enables officers to provide faster access to civil legal support and court orders to help protect victims from further abuse.

INNOVATION: A start-up project pioneered by four UK universities is using artificial intelligence (AI) to identify patterns of tech-facilitated coercive control sent by perpetrators through text messages; researchers believe the project, which recently received a £115,000 funding boost from the Home Office, could develop an AI tool that will encourage more victims of domestic abuse and coercive control to come forward, reports Policing Insight’s Keith Potter.

OPINION: The introduction of the Domestic Abuse Act in the UK recognised children who witness or experience domestic violence and abuse (DVA) as victims for the first time; but Dr Jade Levell of the University of Bristol, author of 'Boys, Childhood Domestic Abuse, and Gang Involvement', believes boy child survivors of DVA remain largely overlooked, at least until they come under closer scrutiny of the criminal justice system as members of gangs.

FEATURE: Following a pioneering trial in 2013, nine UK police forces currently operate the Project CARA (Cautioning and Relationship Abuse) intervention scheme; now a new evaluation of the project highlighting 80% reductions in reoffending and more than a million pounds in economic benefits has prompted calls for a national rollout, as Policing Insight’s Keith Potter reports.

INNOVATION: With UK police forces looking increasingly to digital channels to expand and enhance public contact and service delivery, Suffolk Assistant Chief Constable Rob Jones shares an innovative project offering a live chat service for victims of domestic abuse that has improved accessibility and consistency, strengthened support and generated the potential for richer evidence to support prosecutions.

ADVERTISEMENT FEATURE: PIER22 is a FREE major policing conference focusing on child protection. It is the first time that speakers involved in leading and overseeing national child protection reviews will be seen and heard together in one session, discussing violence against women and girls, the voice of the victim and multi-agency safeguarding arrangements.

HOME OFFICE SURVEY: The Home Office is keen to understand frontline responses to domestic abuse involving children – the perceptions, experiences and training of police responding to these types of incidents – as police called to the scene have a critical role in identifying children experiencing domestic abuse. If you are are a police officer in England & Wales, please take a few minutes to complete this short survey.

LONG READ: Recent years have seen renewed efforts from the UK criminal justice system to tackle domestic abuse and violence against women and girls; but for Robert Wells, founder of Domestic Abuse Business Support (DABS), while the greater focus is welcome, the gender bias across society and in the criminal justice approach to domestic abuse and violence is leaving male victims unrecognised, unsupported and at risk.

ANALYSIS: Often overlooked, unrecognised and under-reported, the violent abuse experienced by some mothers at the hands of their adult children is often exacerbated by gendered expectations around caring and parenting, and requires understanding and long-term support, as Anglia Ruskin University PhD Candidate Thien Trang Nguyen Phan explains.

ANALYSIS: The police recognition of and response to honour-based abuse, forced marriage and female genital mutilation, while well intentioned, regularly fails to provide adequate support for victims; Jennifer Holton, Citizens in Policing Manager for Wiltshire Police, draws on her own experience and research into the issues (including her Master’s thesis) to highlight key challenges and opportunities for change.

INTERVIEW: In her recent speech to the NPCC / APCC Partnership Summit, Victims’ Commissioner Dame Vera Baird highlighted the challenges in tackling violence against women and addressing the issue of domestic abusers within police ranks, as well as the opportunity for policing to lead the way on cultural change; this week she spoke to Policing Insight Editor Keith Potter to expand on those concerns, and suggest steps towards restoring confidence among victims.

INNOVATION: Investigating domestic abuse takes up a significant proportion of police time and resources, yet successful prosecutions and criminal convictions remain at an unacceptably low level; Simon Franc, Founder and CEO of Anatomap, believes a new free app can empower victims of domestic abuse and other violent offences to improve the quality of evidence in such cases, leading to better outcomes for both victims and police.

FEATURE: As the number of women losing their lives to domestic violence continues to grow, could training in recognising and acting upon indicators of violence and aggression help to reduce levels of femicide? Ahead of next week’s London Policing College Domestic Abuse conference, analyst-profiler Christine Gagnon looks at efforts to provide such training, as well as plans to develop a specific psycho-legal compilation of verbal and non-verbal indicators that would be admissible in court.

ANALYSIS: High-harm domestic abuse offenders are likely to have a criminal record and several police interactions before they are first reported for partner violence – and a small number go on to cause disproportionate harm – so could algorithms and machine learning help to target them early? This was one of the key questions considered by New South Wales Police Superintendent Andrew Hurst at last week’s rescheduled Australia and New Zealand Society of Evidence-Based Policing conference.

FEATURE: Police officers in Victoria, Australia may soon be given the power to grant on-the-spot family violence intervention orders; but while police argue the new powers are victim focused, others fear the orders could enable perpetrators to utilise the system as a weapon against victim-survivors, as Postdoctoral Research Fellow Ellen Reeves and Professor Kate Fitz-Gibbon of Monash University explain.

FEATURE: Ahead of next week’s London Policing College Domestic Abuse workshop – the first in a series of workshops organised by the College, leading up to the 3rd International Police Education Conference in November – Vicky Lechuga, Manager of Hillingdon Women’s Centre, highlights the pressures created by the pandemic on domestic abuse services and survivors, as well as the opportunities for change during COVID-19 recovery.

OPINION: Ahead of next week’s London Policing College Domestic Abuse workshop – the first in a series of workshops organised by the College, leading up to the 3rd International Police Education Conference in November – Deisy Carrillo, Project Co-ordinator at Hillingdon Women’s Centre, explores the issues around gender and masculinity which can influence the police response to domestic violence.

FEATURE: One of the key recommendations from the recent report into the police response to violence against women and girls was the need for a ‘whole system approach’ to reduce and prevent harm; Greymalkin Consulting Director Mark Cooper, former head of the Government’s Ending Violence Against Women and Girls programme, looks at what that means in practical terms, and the steps agencies can take to implement the approach.

FEATURE: Efforts to deliver a better response to domestic abuse in Hertfordshire by strengthening partnerships, engaging survivors and adopting technology, have led to falling victim attrition rates and increased take up of support; Razi Hassan, Director of Partnership and Communication at the Domestic Abuse (DA) Alliance, explains the thinking behind the repurposed approach, and the success of the WEPROTECT app now in use by Hertfordshire Constabulary.