Analysis

LONG READ: Modern slavery and human trafficking are transnational crimes that could easily flourish in the COVID-19 pandemic conditions of economic uncertainty and isolation; in this long-read article, Policing Insight’s Sarah Gibbons looks at efforts in the UK and US to tackle this illegal human trade which often targets society’s most vulnerable.

ANALYSIS: Counterfeiting is now a global problem accounting for more than three per cent of world trade, securing profits for criminals and in some cases putting consumers’ health at risk; in this briefing paper published by the UK’s Dawes Centre for Future Crime at UCL, Dr Chiaki Crews, Prof Robert Speller and Dr Rob Moss set out some of the sector challenges in tackling counterfeiting, and highlight the key questions for policy makers.

FEATURE: Online child sexual exploitation is a growing crime with horrific consequences around the world, but a global task force led by the FBI is making significant inroads, catching offenders and rescuing children; Policing Insight Contributing Editor Tina Orr Munro reports from the UK’s Internet Intelligence and Investigations Conference on the success of the VCACITF.

FEATURE: When a convicted rapist admitted that he planned to hunt down and attack the same woman again once he was released from prison, defensive profiling helped to protect his terrified victim; Policing Insight Contributing Editor Tina Orr Munro reports from the first day of the UK’s Internet Intelligence and Investigations Conference on this invaluable internet-based approach to safeguarding victims and witnesses.

ANALYSIS: Police use of stop and search has been widely scrutinised and regularly debated; but as Dr Mike Rowe of the University of Liverpool and Dr Geoff Pearson of the University of Manchester discovered during a seven-year study of two police forces, ‘stop and accounts’ and vehicle stops receive much less attention, yet can be just as damaging if used disproportionately.

ANALYSIS: How does policing affect people’s willingness to comply with COVID-19 restrictions, and does the public support the actions police may have to take? Having surveyed public opinion across 10 British cities at regular intervals during the pandemic, Dr Arabella Kyprianides, Dr Julia Yesberg, Dr Zoe Hobson and Prof Ben Bradford of UCL, Prof Jonathan Jackson and Dr Krisztián Pósch (LSE), and Dr Reka Solymosi of the University of Manchester discuss the findings of the Policing the Pandemic study.

ANALYSIS: Cases of sexual misconduct by police officers are still relatively rare, but such an abuse of position can have serious implications for the public’s view of policing, and the trust of the police as an institution; PhD researcher and serving police officer Fay Sweeting explores the scale of the problem, and what forces could be doing better to tackle the issue.

ANALYSIS: A second report published today by the Institute for Government examining the impact of COVID-19 on public services has highlighted a record backlog of criminal cases and a rapid expansion of the use of remote hearings; Nick Davies, the Institute’s programme director leading its work on public services, outlines the key findings.

ANALYSIS: The horrific murder of a teacher in a Paris terror attack has shone the spotlight again on radicalisation in schools and education; but as Policing Insight contributor Andrew Staniforth reports, inexcusable delays over the review of the UK’s Prevent strategy – and ongoing attempts to have the provision for review removed altogether – are failing the police and their partners engaged in tackling radicalisation.

ANALYSIS: In 2019 the UK Government announced £35 million funding for the launch of 18 new Violence Reduction Units, as part of a wider strategy that included a public health approach to tackling serious violence; Policing Insight Contributing Editor Tina Orr Munro looks at the first 12 months of VRUs, and the challenges for the future.

ANALYSIS: The rise in ransomware attacks has seen cyber criminals increasingly targeting public sector organisations, where budgetary constraints have led to poor cyber security; Policing Insight contributor Andrew Staniforth looks at the preparations organisations can take to protect themselves, as well as efforts to prevent ransoms being paid by victims.

LONG READ: UK Home Secretary Priti Patel has authorised the police use of Taser 7, which manufacturers describe as the safest, most tested use of force option, intended to ‘make the bullet obsolete’; but critics argue the more powerful double-cartridge device has increased risks of injury for targets and bystanders. Policing Insight’s Sarah Gibbons looks at the kit and listens to the arguments around the latest conducted energy device.

ANALYSIS: The high level of drug-related deaths in Scotland has led to unnecessary loss of life and an unenviable tally of misery; in this qualitative study, former Police Scotland Inspector David Macdonald explores the knowledge and awareness of drug harm reduction among frontline police officers in Dundee and Glasgow.

ANALYSIS: Within days of the COVID-19 lockdown being announced in the UK, crime analysts were making predictions about its impact on criminal behaviour; so were they right? Professor Graham Farrell, Dr Sam Langton and Data Scientist Anthony Dixon of the School of Law at the University of Leeds examine the crime figures and trends from the first six months of the pandemic.

UCL COVID-19 SERIES: In this latest article from the UCL COVID-19 series, Graham Farrell and Emily Sheard from the University of Leeds discuss how the new legislation on mandatory face masks could inadvertently be aiding criminal behaviour.

ANALYSIS: The recent Scottish Biometrics Commissioner Act was drafted in part to answer public concerns about collecting and retaining biometric samples; but the legislation, and corresponding laws in England and Wales, place Scottish samples on UK databases in a legislative and regulatory limbo, as Post-Doctoral Researcher Karen Richmond of the University of Copenhagen explains.

UCL COVID-19 SERIES: In this latest article from the UCL series, Graham Farrell from the University of Leeds and Shane D Johnson from the Dawes Centre for Future Crime at UCL discuss how a COVID-19 vaccine may trigger a crime wave on a global scale.

ANALYSIS: In their second of two articles marking the centenary of the Baird Committee Report, which recommended that women should be employed as sworn police officers across England and Wales, Dr Wendy Laverick and Professor Peter Joyce look at the role of women of women in policing since the 1980s to today – including discrimination, the Gender Agenda and contemporary thinking.

Analysis: Jamie Clinch, a former Masters student in Forensic Psychology, discusses the findings of research she conducted into the effectiveness of alcohol-related violence intervention programmes as part of a collaboration between Coventry University and West Midlands Police.

UCL COVID-19 SERIES: In this latest in the series of COVID-19 briefing papers published by UCL’s Jill Dando Institute, Professor Graham Farrell of the University of Leeds highlights the changing nature of pandemic crime, from furlough fraud and fake PPE to cybercrime and civil law breaches.

ANALYSIS: Significant increases in cocaine purity, worrying levels of heroin seizures and emerging new threats from the COVID-19 lockdown are among the key issues highlighted in the latest European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction assessment, reports Policing Insight’s Sarah Gibbons.

ANALYSIS: This year marks the centenary of the Baird Committee Report, which recommended that women should be employed as sworn police officers across England and Wales. In the first of two articles, Dr Wendy Laverick and Professor Peter Joyce present a historical account of the involvement of women in policing, the barriers and obstacles they faced, and the current and future situation regarding equality of opportunity.

ANALYSIS: There have been widespread calls for police reform in the United States, but what shape should that reform take, and how effective can it be? Professor Ronald Weitzer of George Washington University looks at what steps have been taken so far, what has – and hasn’t – worked, and the opportunities for further evidence-based reform.

ANALYSIS: The Hate Crime and Public Order (Scotland) Bill, published in April, aims to consolidate existing hate crime legislation, as well as introducing new offences and abolishing blasphemy. Kath Murray, Lucy Hunter Blackburn and Lisa Mackenzie of the MurrayBlackburnMackenzie Policy Analysis Collective analyse and explain police responses to the new bill and its wide-ranging ramifications.