Analysis

ANALYSIS: With countries across Europe engaged in their own efforts to tackle the coronavirus pandemic, the latest Serious and Organised Crime Threat Assessment from Europol suggests COVID-19 could be a key driver in future organised crime, alongside geopolitical changes and the online criminal economy, reports Policing Insight Deputy Editor Sarah Gibbons.

UK PCC ELECTIONS 2021: With less than two months to go to the police and crime commissioner elections for the English and Welsh forces, Policing Insight is launching its in-depth coverage. We’ll be constantly updating our tracker so you’ll be able to check out the candidates as they declare their intention to stand. Policing Insight’s Publisher Bernard Rix takes a look at the field so far.

ANALYSIS: Vulnerability is increasingly important to operational policing - but how can these complex narratives be best embedded in police education? Jennifer Norman and Dr Emma Williams of the Open University discuss the development of an interdisciplinary approach.

ANALYSIS: Despite frequent large seizures and law enforcement agency successes, the supply of illicit drugs into Australia continues to grow; In their latest report, Dr John Coyne and Dr Teagan Westendorf of the Australian Strategic Policy Institute examine the expanding nature of the country’s international narcotics supply chain, and what steps can be taken to disrupt it.

FEATURE: As religious worshippers around the world celebrate Easter – one of the main events in the Christian calendar – Policing Insight’s Andrew Staniforth reports on latest efforts by law enforcement agencies across Europe to protect places of worship from terrorist attack and hate crimes.

ANALYSIS: A new report on the global illicit economy and the activities of transnational organised crime groups has warned that the impact of the pandemic could see many criminal networks growing in power and influence; Policing Insight’s Chris Allen looks at the predicted trajectory for OCGs, as well as some of the steps that could be taken to halt them.

ANALYSIS: While the UK, North America and Europe have taken steps to list violent far-right groups as terrorist organisations, Australia has been slower to make the same move; Analyst Dr Teagan Westendorf of the Australian Strategic Policy Institute believes it’s important to do so soon – and in a meaningful way – to enable police to tackle the threat.

ANALYSIS: The Victims’ Commissioner recently called for enhanced support measures under a new Victims Law. One of her more ambitious proposals is the introduction of free and independent lawyers to support rape victims on issues of privacy. Ellen Daly and Dr Olivia Smith of Loughborough University evaluate the scheme and show that legal representation can benefit victims and investigating officers without detriment to fair trial.

FEATURE: Children as young as eight were among rioters involved in six nights of violence in Northern Ireland’s Derry City in 2018, caught up in the sectarian conflict orchestrated by paramilitary gangs; since then a new diversion initiative, led by youth services and involving police and other agencies, has had a significant positive impact, as Policing Insight Contributing Editor Tina Orr Munro reports.

ANALYSIS: What are the benefits of mobile working? When Police Scotland rolled out devices to 11,000 officers, they called on an independent academic team to assess the results - which were overwhelmingly positive. Chief Inspector Martin Gallagher, Deputy Business Lead, outlines the project, alongside Professor Lesley Diack of Robert Gordon University and Dr. William Graham of Abertay University.

ANALYSIS: Levels of violent crime across America saw an unprecedented increase in 2020; in this latest essay from the Violence Reduction Project, Elijah Anderson, Sterling Professor at Yale University, outlines the ‘code of the streets’ that is contribution to a vicious circle of violence that claims victims Black and white, poor and affluent.

FEATURE: The impact of COVID-19 has included changing crime volumes and trends, with forces having to adapt rapidly and implement new ways of working; Policing Insight’s Ian Wiggett spoke to Cheshire Constabulary’s DCS Gareth Lee and DCI Adam Ross about some of the challenges of tackling and investigating crime during the pandemic, and how the experience could drive lasting change.

ANALYSIS: New research has highlighted the increased frequency and volume of cocaine shipments into Europe from South America; Policing Insight’s Chris Allen looks at the reasons behind the changes to the drugs market, and how the trade and trafficking routes are likely to evolve in the future. 

FEATURE: A major report into bullying in New Zealand Police has called for a ‘reset of values’ after highlighting a negative culture of fear and punishment, examples of sexist and racist behaviour, and a ‘boys’ club’ based on power relationships and perpetuated by allegiances, cliques and cronyism; but report author Judge Colin Doherty recognised that the service has ‘turned a corner’ under Commissioner Andrew Coster.

ANALYSIS: The Police, Crime, Sentencing and Courts Bill 2021 announced by the Government last week looks set to change the nature of protests in the UK, while also placing a greater onus on police to consider the noise and disruption impact of public assemblies, says public order specialist and former Chief Superintendent Owen West.

Analysis: Several US security experts say they now consider domestic extremism a greater threat to the country than international terror. Luis De la Calle examines the elements currently present in US society that could produce what he describes as a low-intensity terrorist conflict led by dissatisfied far-right groups who believe further violence is the only way to counter what they see as federal overreach.

ANALYSIS: Crime networks are laundering the profits from illegal activities such as trafficking in wildlife, timber and people smuggling through casinos; freelance journalist Georgina Kenyon highlights the challenges facing Australia and other countries in tackling the links between serious and organised crime and the gambling industry.

ANALYSIS: When is it acceptable for off-duty officers and staff to engage in protests – and do they need permission to do so? This article by Dr Hannah Maslen, Senior Research Fellow at Oxford University, and Detective Chief Superintendent Colin Paine, Head of Professional Standards at Thames Valley Police – republished from the latest TVP Journal – considers these and other key issues around the rights of officers and staff to engage in public protest.

Analysis: Hateful extremism must be addressed before it manifests itself as violent extremism – as unfolded in the 2019 Christchurch massacre in New Zealand – argues Professor Greg Barton, whose analysis of the Australian response to extremism calls for groups espousing hate that do not reach the threshold of criminality to be tackled, and new ways for police to record complaints that capture hate motivations.

FEATURE: There is growing evidence that Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are responsible for many negatives outcomes in adult life, including issues such as violent behaviour and drug addiction; and as Policing Insight Contributing Editor Tina Orr Munro reports, the failure to address ACEs early can cost society billions of pounds in the long term.

ANALYSIS: A wide range of measures were introduced across the criminal justice system in the UK to reduce the spread of the coronavirus, including greater use of remote legal advice for those in police custody; but as Penelope Gibbs, Director of Transform Justice explains, a new report highlights both the lack of meaningful monitoring of such measures, and their potential to compromise justice and jeopardise fairness.

ANALYSIS: In their second Policy Briefing on the impact of COVID-19 on child exploitation through country lines drug dealing, the University of Nottingham’s Rights Lab, in partnership with the De Montford University School of Law, highlight the ability of county lines drug networks to adapt to lockdown conditions, and the effect of pandemic restrictions on the safeguarding and vulnerability of children and young people.

ANALYSIS: Policing in the UK is witnessing a ‘steep and troubling’ rise in the number of officers resigning early in service, citing poor leadership and management, organisational injustice and exhausting working patterns among the reasons for leaving: Dr Sarah Charman – a panellist at this week's Police Foundation workforce conference – and Dr Stephanie Bennett, both of the Institute of Criminal Justice Studies, University of Portsmouth, explore the key reasons why officers leave mid-service.

ANALYSIS: The criminal use and manipulation of cryptocurrencies has been a growing threat over recent years, brought into sharper focus by the financial disruption of the pandemic; Eray Arda Akartuna of the Jill Dando Institute of Security and Crime Science at UCL highlights some of the key emerging risks and trends, as well as the steps to be taken to tackle them.