Human trafficking/modern slavery

OPINION: With the number of victims of human trafficking and modern slavery continuing to increase, Professor Darren K. Stocker of Cape Cod Community College argues that law enforcement could benefit from applying a sociological-based model towards tackling human trafficking.

INTERVIEW: Human trafficking and exploitation stretches far beyond borders. Former MPS Superintendent Bernie Gravett who led the first joint trafficking investigation in Europe and who now specialises in counter-trafficking training tells Policing Insight’s Contributing Editor Sarah Gibbons that training overseas officers is key to helping tackle serious and organised crime in the UK.

FEATURE: New research by the University of Nottingham Rights Lab and ECPAT UK has found that dwindling police and local authority resources, increased workloads, lack of training, institutional biases, and changing political priorities have led to a significant rise in child exploitation through modern slavery, prompting calls for a comprehensive national strategy, as Policing Insight’s Sarah Gibbons reports.

OPINION: A recently published article on Policing Insight regarding modern slavery highlighted concerns about the impact of UK Government reforms on victims of trafficking, but the outcome in Scotland differs significantly to England and Wales, says SNP policing spokesperson Allan Dorans MP, who believes researchers and others need to pay closer attention to the emerging divergence in policing north and south of the border.

ANALYSIS: Last year the UK Government reformed the National Referral Mechanism – the framework for identifying potential victims of modern slavery – in an effort to speed up decision making and police action against those accused of exploitation; but Research Assistant Ying Zhang and Professor Chee Yew Wong of the University of Leeds argue that the reforms have actually made the situation considerably worse for potential victims.

FEATURE: A roundtable of UK politicians, experts and corporate partners has urged businesses to be more open about their experiences with modern slavery in supply chains, and called for an overhaul of existing legislation, as Policing Insight’s Sarah Gibbons reports.

FEATURE: As we welcome in 2024, Policing Insight Editor Keith Potter looks back over what the past 12 months have meant for policing in the UK and internationally, how those issues have been covered by Policing Insight, and the continuing challenges and opportunities for the year ahead.

ANALYSIS: A new report by the University of Nottingham Rights Lab has highlighted the link between climate change and human trafficking as families look to migrate from threatened environments or place children in forced marriages to alleviate debt; Policing Insight’s Sarah Gibbons looks at the key points in the report, and spoke to Dame Sara Thornton, former UK Anti-Slavery Commissioner and now Professor of Practice in Modern Slavery Policy at the Rights Lab, about its findings.

INTERVIEW: In the latest in a series of interviews with leading figures involved in the research and investigation of organised crime, Policing Insight’s Chris Allen spoke to former police superintendent Colin Carswell, Director of the Counter Trafficking Network, about his investigations into large-scale human trafficking as a police officer, the importance of partnership working, and the need to ‘follow the money’ to combat organised crime.

INTERVIEW: In the latest in a series of interviews with leading figures involved in the research and investigation of organised crime, Policing Insight’s Chris Allen spoke to Alan Edwards, a former Royal Military Police officer and detective chief inspector who now works as a civilian expert specialising in serious organised crime, about the growing pressures of investigating online crime, the potential of the ChildLight initiative, and why law enforcement in the West could and should be doing much more to tackle Africa’s barbaric people traffickers.

FEATURE: The latest people trafficking report from the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime has found that while overall the number of reported victims has fallen, the restrictions of the pandemic may have pushed some forms of the crime to more hidden areas, while wars and climate change have also raised the level of risk that potential victims are exposed to, as Policing Insight’s Sarah Gibbons reports.

INTERVIEW: The Canadian Police Knowledge Network has teamed up with human trafficking education and support charity Timea’s Cause to offer 100,000 officers across the country access to survivor-led training first rolled out by Peel Regional Police; Policing Insight’s Sarah Gibbons spoke to organisation founder and trafficking survivor Timea Nagy about her own experiences, why this training is different, and the impact it could have nationally and globally.

FEATURE: People exploited by the human trafficking and organ trafficking industries are often regarded as victims of organised crime, but the reality can be much more complex; Policing Insight’s Keith Potter looks at examples of poverty-driven trafficking and victims becoming victimisers, which were highlighted during the recent 24-hour Conference on Global Organised Crime.

FEATURE: More than 2,000 officers from Peel Regional Police will receive specialised, survivor-led human trafficking training to help them identify and support those who might be being groomed or are already being exploited, in a training project that’s the first of its kind in Canada, as Policing Insight’s Sarah Gibbons reports.

INTERVIEW: The Straits of Gibraltar are a potential illicit gateway between Europe and Africa, but it’s not just drugs and people smugglers keeping the Royal Gibraltar Police Marine Unit busy; in this second in a two-part series on the Unit’s work, Policing Insight’s Martin Buhagiar spoke to Chief Inspector Sean Perera about the unique challenges of policing the Iberian Peninsula and this incredibly busy stretch of water, where tackling traffickers, counter-terrorism and environmental emergencies are all part of the job.

INTERVIEW: The Straits of Gibraltar are a potential gateway for drug traffickers between Europe and Morocco, with smugglers able to cross the 14km between Gibraltar and Africa by fast boat in just 15 minutes; narcotics and human trafficking are among the demanding and complex challenges faced every week by Royal Gibraltar Police’s Marine Unit, as Chief Inspector Sean Perera explained to Policing Insight’s Martin Buhagiar in this first of two articles.

INTERVIEW: Former UK Independent Anti-Slavery Commissioner Dame Sara Thornton has called for an increase in the number of trained financial investigators following the money to identify the organised crime groups behind modern slavery, and better collaboration between government departments to support children caught up in county lines, as Policing Insight’s Sarah Gibbons reports.

OPINION: Two recent reports into modern slavery have highlighted Australia’s leading role in efforts to eradicate human trafficking and modern slavery; Australian Human Rights Commissioner Lorraine Finlay and research assistant Jennifer Katrib believe the reports also underline the importance of Australia’s continued leadership in this role, both for the country and for the wider region.

ANALYSIS: A ‘whole of government approach’ to human trafficking in Australia, which combines awareness raising with a focus on support for victims and an understanding of their complex needs, has led to a significant increase in the number of victims identified across a wide range of modern slavery-related crimes including forced marriage, forced labour, sexual exploitation and organ trafficking, as Policing Insight Contributing Editor Sarah Gibbons reports.

FEATURE: While much of the world has watched on in horror at the human tragedy unfolding from Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, organised crime gangs have seized on the increase in refugees fleeing the conflict as an opportunity to expand their human trafficking operations; Policing Insight’s Andrew Staniforth reports on the efforts of the European Union to target those traffickers and increase the protection for some of the most vulnerable casualties of the war.

INTERVIEW: Ahead of this week’s workshop on the use and abuse of technology in relation to human trafficking, Temporary Chief Inspector Mark O’Donoghue, who helped to create and deliver human trafficking training to police in Vietnam, spoke to Policing Insight’s Keith Potter about the importance of international collaboration, tackling upstream crime to prevent downstream harm, and the UK’s role in sharing tech investigation expertise.

ANALYSIS: Despite travel restrictions imposed during Covid – and with the war in Ukraine now sparking a refugee exodus – criminal networks smuggling people into Europe increased their activity in 2021 after several years of declining figures, according to the latest Europol Migrant Smuggling Centre Report; Policing Insight’s Chris Allen looks at the report and highlights its key findings.

ANALYSIS: The images of child refugees fleeing the conflict in Ukraine have been among some of the most disturbing to emerge from the war; Policing Insight’s Andrew Staniforth looks at the risks posed in neighbouring countries by human trafficking gangs, and efforts from the European Commission to fund new projects to counter human trafficking across the continent.

ANALYSIS: While the digital revolution has created new methods for criminals to sexually exploit and traffic people, it has also increased the ability of law enforcement and others to target offenders and protect those at risk; in this briefing paper Nicole Munns and Dr Gabriel Katz of Justice & Care, which rescues victims of slavery and human trafficking around the world, explore some of the challenges and opportunities offered by the growth of digital intelligence.