Topical issues

FEATURE: Dealing with child sexual abuse material (CSAM) presents enormous psychological challenges, both for those working in police forces and for content moderators employed by tech firms; two new studies, presented at the recent Policing Institute for the Eastern Region (PIER) annual conference, offer surprising findings about the impact of this work – and a common theme for making these roles less harmful, as Policing Insight’s James Sweetland reports.

ANALYSIS: Despite significant advances in addressing the mental health and psychological wellbeing of UK police officers, little progress has been made in considering the issues around police officer suicide; David Marshall, a serving officer with more than 30 years’ experience and part-time policing lecturer and PhD researcher, reveals the findings from the first research to qualitatively explore the factors implicated in the suicidal behaviours of police officers. WARNING: Includes references to suicide and self-harm.

FEATURE: While many UK forces have adopted trauma risk management (TRiM) approaches, the peer-led programme and trauma impact prevention techniques adopted by Durham Constabulary have been highlighted again as positive practice by HMICFRS; Policing Insight’s Sarah Gibbons spoke to force Welfare Manager Margaret Toward about the strengths of the programme, and what sets it apart from similar initiatives.

OPINION: At the Yoorrook Justice Commission in Victoria, Commissioner Shane Patton recently apologised to First Peoples for trauma caused by police and accepted there was a lack of accountability for misconduct; University of Melbourne Lecturer Sarah Schwartz, a Principal Lawyer at the Victorian Aboriginal Legal Service, believes it’s now time for the creation of a victim-centred, fully independent body to investigate police complaints, with the power to compel evidence, discipline officers and refer them for criminal prosecution.

OPINION: Metropolitan Police Commissioner Sir Mark Rowley’s recent decision to end the routine attendance of officers in response to mental health calls has attracted both support and criticism; Vernon White, former Chief of Police for Ottawa Police Service and Senator in the Canadian Parliament, and Joe Carlebach, former Cabinet Member for Adult Social Care and Health at Hammersmith and Fulham Council, explain why they believe Sir Mark has made the right call.

OPINION: One key area of discussion at the recent Liverpool John Moores University Police Education Conference was the decision to re-establish a non-degree entry route into UK policing; Tom Andrews, a Lecturer in Policing at the University of Derby who attended the conference, believes the statistics clearly demonstrate the benefits of the PEQF routes, and forces that struggled to realise the benefits were often those that were most reluctant to embrace the pathways.

FEATURE: Whitehall has long raised questions about the impact of end-to-end encryption on law enforcement efforts to tackle terrorism and child abuse; UK Security Minister Tom Tugendhat raised the stakes at a recent policing conference with a speech dedicated to slamming Meta’s future plans, while others present had a more nuanced view, as Policing Insight’s Ian Weinfass reports.

OPINION: Although artificial intelligence (AI) tools have been used across society for several years, their increasing adoption by criminals poses new threats and challenges; Lancaster University Professor of Cyber Security Daniel Prince outlines four criminal uses of AI that could exploit victims, and how healthy scepticism can help to protect society from harm.

INNOVATION: Putting a smartphone into the hands of every police employee is no simple task, especially when old systems need to be adapted to new devices; but an ongoing programme from South Australia Police seeks to do exactly that – providing 6,000 phones at a cost of $35 million, with the potential to save 30 minutes for every officer per shift, as Policing Insight’s James Sweetland reports.

FEATURE: With police forces in England and Wales facing challenges around building female representation in the service – particularly from seldom-heard communities – Sgt Mussa Meman and PC Nikki Nabi of Lancashire Police identified that the way the police fitness test was administered was leading to a disproportionate number of failures among female applicants, and created a new community focused approach that has significantly improved pass rates and helped to increase female representation within the force.

FEATURE: The latest European Union Terrorism Situation and Trend Report highlights the ongoing threat to those in law enforcement as potential targets of terrorist attacks; Policing Insight’s Andrew Staniforth looks at the latest statistics on terrorism in Europe, and the trends which suggest there are already areas of convergence among terrorists and violent extremists across the whole ideological spectrum.

INTERVIEW: With a policing career spanning more than three decades, Deborah Friedl is now bringing all her experience to bear as President of the International Association of Women Police (IAWP); she spoke to Policing Insight’s Christine Townsend about the work of the IAWP, the challenges facing women in policing today, and why she would willingly do it all again.

FEATURE: Automated analytics are increasingly viewed as an essential tool for keeping the public safe from serious harm, but they also create serious risks; a new report from The Alan Turing Institute presents a framework to help policing – and the security services – deploy analytics in a way that protects both privacy and public safety, as Policing Insight’s James Sweetland reports.

FEATURE: Coverage of the recent State of Policing in England and Wales report focused in large part on HM Chief Inspector of Constabulary Andy Cooke’s warning that “public trust in the police is hanging by a thread”; but Policing Insight’s Graham Wettone believes other messages from the report around a “dysfunctional and defective” criminal justice system, a return to the “basics” of policing and the need for new policing priorities are equally important, but have been largely overlooked.

OPINION: With society recognising that artificial intelligence is likely to revolutionise the way we live our lives, there is also a growing consensus over the need for regulation; but Dr Asress Gikay, Senior Lecturer in AI at Brunel University, believes the UK’s pro-innovation attitude to regulation will be much more beneficial for business, the public and law enforcement than Europe’s approach based on potential problems.

INTERVIEW: In the latest in a series of interviews with leading figures involved in the research and investigation of organised crime, Policing Insight’s Chris Allen spoke to former Police Scotland Superintendent Martin Gallagher, now a policing consultant and Associate of the London Policing College, about Baroness Casey’s review, taking drug profits away from organised crime, and the importance of eradicating corruption.

INTERVIEW: For more than 30 years, Victoria Police Senior Sergeant Dermot Avon has provided mental health support and mentoring for colleagues, having experienced his own struggles after witnessing traumatic incidents early in his career; with his efforts recognised in this months’ King’s Birthday Honours, he spoke to Policing Insight’s Sarah Gibbons about the improvements in mental health support across the force, and how officers can help their colleagues.

OPINION: Neurodiverse young people and adults – particularly those with ADHD – may experience a number of traits that are likely to push them towards criminality; Met Police DC Daley Jones, co-chair of the ADHD Alliance, believes asking detainees to complete a simple, 18-step questionnaire could give them an indication that they might have a life-changing condition that can be helped with treatment and care, which may lead them away from offending.

LONG READ: As policing globally faces significant challenges around effective responses to those in mental health crises, Western Australia Sgt Glen Blackwell, the force’s first Mental Health Co-Response Trainer, received a Churchill Fellowship award to establish diversionary practices for mentally and intellectually disabled persons engaging police; this long-read article, based on his final report to the Churchill Trust, explores international best practice, and makes recommendations for police in Australia that could also benefit other forces.

ANALYSIS: Forced marriage affects millions of people around the world from many different cultures, and forced marriage protection orders (FMPOs) were introduced in England and Wales to prevent such crimes; but new research by Prof Sundari Anitha and Prof Aisha K Gill shows that the legal tools currently available fall seriously short of protecting victims of forced marriage from further abuse.

FEATURE: With those involved in racially and ethnically motivated violent extremism and violent right-wing extremism increasingly co-operating and collaborating internationally in their online and offline activities, those who work to prevent violent extremism will need to do the same if they are to be effective; Policing Insight’s Andrew Staniforth looks at the work of the Radicalisation Awareness Network in promoting and advocating international collaboration and the exchange of effective practices.

ANALYSIS: The pace of artificial intelligence (AI) development has prompted calls from some quarters for a pause in the sector’s expansion efforts; members of the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP) technology sub-committee on AI – An Garda Síochána Deputy Commissioner Shawna Coxon, Tony Porter (Chief Privacy Officer, Corsight Ai), Netherlands Police AI expert Oscar Wijsman, US lawyer Don Zoufal, and IACP Communications and Technology Committee Chair Craig Allen – believe such calls reaffirm the need for law enforcement to take stock of the challenges presented and opportunities offered by the growth in AI.

FEATURE: Following the statement by Police Scotland Chief Constable Sir Iain Livingstone that the force is “institutionally racist and discriminatory”, a new report finds that the culture in Scotland’s single force is plagued by misogyny and sexism – with female staff paying the price, as Policing Insight’s James Sweetland reports.

ADVERTISEMENT FEATURE: With policing facing significant challenges around growing volume and complexity of demand, effective collaboration between forces and with other agencies is moving higher up the agenda for delivering an effective service to the public; Hexagon Director Nick Chorley spoke to Policing Insight about the opportunities for successful collaboration, the barriers to implementation, and the drivers for change.