Analysis

ANALYSIS: The recent shooting of PSNI DCI John Caldwell has once again turned the spotlight on terrorism in Northern Ireland, but former Police Scotland Superintendent and terrorism expert Martin Gallagher believes many of the supposed ‘freedom fighters’ in the Troubles and other terrorist campaigns were more interested in reputation and criminal gain than any cause, and are turning to organised crime to maintain their relevance and power.

FEATURE: With the ongoing war in Ukraine highlighting the importance of the co-operation between defence, security and policing organisations in protecting critical infrastructure, Policing Insight’s Andrew Staniforth looks at the latest EU research funding call for projects that can strengthen protection and resilience.

ANALYSIS: In the second in a month-long series of articles celebrating International Women’s Day, Dr Holly Taylor-Dunn and Dr Anna Hopkins of the Open University’s Policing Organisation and Practice Department share details of two key research projects that concern the policing of domestic abuse.

ANALYSIS: The third and final report of the public inquiry into the Manchester Arena bombing highlighted opportunities missed by the intelligence services to prevent the attack, and failings in the response of police and others; Policing Insight’s Andrew Staniforth believes the overall findings of the inquiry underline several key lessons to be learned, and the importance of an holistic approach to avoid further tragedies.

ANALYSIS: Police officers and staff investigating child sexual abuse and exploitation (CSAE) are regularly exposed to traumatic images and videos; but following a survey of officers in 2022, and a conference for CSAE investigators earlier this year, Dr Theresa Redmond of the Policing Institute for the Eastern Region (PIER) highlights that it’s often the culture and work-based support around the officer, rather than the horrific imagery itself, that has the greatest impact on wellbeing.

ANALYSIS: The Public Order Bill making its way through the UK Parliament has attracted both support and criticism, with opponents highlighting concerns around new police powers in relation to protest techniques such as ‘locking on’ and tunnelling; Policing Insight’s Graham Wettone, a subject matter expert on public order policing, believes the Bill balances the right to protest with need for new laws to tackle the more disruptive actions of protestors.

FEATURE: In his latest annual report the Biometrics and Surveillance Camera Commissioner (BSCC) – who regulates the way police use biometrics in England, Wales and Northern Ireland – challenges how policing is deploying facial recognition; a separate survey by the Office of the BSCC also raises major concerns that policing is “shot through” with Chinese surveillance tech, as Policing Insight’s James Sweetland reports.

FEATURE: As stakeholders from across the criminal justice system gathered last month for a Met Police innovation hub to rebrand out-of-court disposals (OOCDs) ahead of the launch of new two-tier framework, it was confirmed that any new name for the measures would be likely to go out to public consultation to ensure that communities are given a voice, as Policing Insight’s Sarah Gibbons reports.

FEATURE: Against the backdrop of the public outcry over police criminality and misconduct, Psychologist Dr Heather Taylor argues that the key to reducing the risk of problematic workforce behaviours lies as much in the hands of thoughtful leadership and effective HR management as it does in a powerful culture of vetting checks and professional standards enforcement.

ANALYSIS: This month’s 2023 Australian threat assessment maintained that the risk of terrorist attacks was ‘possible’ rather than ‘probable’; but Dr John Coyne, head of the Northern Australia Strategic Policy Centre at the Australian Strategic Policy Institute, warns that the domestic terror threat hasn’t gone away, and that policing’s focus on early intervention around extremist beliefs could prove counter-productive.

FEATURE: New research suggests that by 2026, one in every four people will spend at least an hour a day in the metaverse to work, study, shop and socialise; Policing Insight’s Andrew Staniforth looks at what this will mean for law enforcement, and how organisations such as INTERPOL are playing a key role in preparing policing for a very different beat.

FEATURE: The latest people trafficking report from the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime has found that while overall the number of reported victims has fallen, the restrictions of the pandemic may have pushed some forms of the crime to more hidden areas, while wars and climate change have also raised the level of risk that potential victims are exposed to, as Policing Insight’s Sarah Gibbons reports.

ANALYSIS: With funding for policing increasingly under pressure, and many forces fighting for a greater allocation, Policing Insight’s Michael Hardiman, a former economist with Victoria Police in Australia, looks at how greater analysis and use of socio-economic data alongside crime rates and officer levels can help forces in England and Wales facing some of the toughest challenges to quantify their need and compete for increased funding.

FEATURE: Covid-19 had a considerable impact on a wide range of criminal activity, including dramatically changing the terrorism landscape; Policing Insight’s Andrew Staniforth looks at the research around how the pandemic pushed terrorist activity increasingly online, the way in which extremist organisations continue to exploit online platforms, and the regulatory reforms intended to tackle that threat.

ANALYSIS: While the vast majority of members of diaspora communities emigrate to start a better life or flee a traumatic existence, for some the intersection between criminality and terrorism in their country of origin can re-emerge and have serious implications for life in their new home nations – and the law enforcement agencies that police them – as former Police Scotland Superintendent Martin Gallagher explains.

FEATURE: The criminal justice system’s treatment of victims of rape and serious sexual offences has long been recognised as deeply flawed, with policing playing a significant part in this; a new study published by academics from three UK universities raises concerns about the phenomenon of ‘rape myth acceptance’ among those tasked with investigating these serious crimes, as Policing Insight’s James Sweetland reports.

ANALYSIS: In the wake of recent corruption and misconduct scandals in UK policing, the issue of vetting failures has been highlighted as an enabler for bad actors entering and remaining in the police service; but as Policing Insight’s Ian Wiggett reports, while more resources and new approaches to risk can partly alleviate the problem, a much wider review of recruitment, training and standards is required.

FEATURE: To better support policing’s evolution to the changing state of the climate and deal with emergency management, the Australia New Zealand Policing Advisory Agency (ANZPAA) recently spoke to Dr Jarrett Blaustein, Associate Professor at the Australian National University, as ANZPAA Policy and Research Officer Rhiannon Van Vliet explains.

FEATURE: Out-of-court disposals (OOCDs) and diversionary interventions can keep people out of the criminal justice system, and reduce pressures on police, courts and prisons, but the approach is inconsistent and can lack funding; ahead of the introduction of a new two-tier OOCD framework, Meg Jones, Director of social justice charity Cranstoun, looks at what the changes will mean, what works well, and the challenges facing the approach.

LONG READ: Despite four decades of recognition of the challenges a policing career poses to officers’ mental health and wellbeing, police organisations still seem to struggle to deliver an effective response for their workforce; new research by Policing Insight’s Dr Alan Beckley and colleagues at the University of Technology Sydney highlights the nature and scale of those challenges, and will explore what interventions work best.

FEATURE: With terrorism increasingly evolving online, the need for effective partnerships between police and the tech industry has never been stronger; Policing Insight’s Andrew Staniforth looks at new research which highlights the progressive, co-operative and collaborative partnerships between law enforcement and the private sector to tackle the online terror threat.

ANALYSIS: Predictive hotspot policing has been heralded by some as the way to do more with less and secure better outcomes, but others have questioned its effectiveness and the dangers of reinforcing bias; Criminology Lecturer Dr Daniel Marciniak, a key speaker at the recent Policing in the Age of the Machine conference, looks at the learning from existing research into predictive policing, and where the approach goes from here.

FEATURE: Terrorist use of the internet – whether to spread propaganda, recruit new members or co-ordinate activity – is a constant game of cat-and-mouse, as the authorities get wise to existing methods and adversaries respond by switching their tactics; Tech Against Terrorism highlight the latest trends in how extremists exploit digital spaces, as Policing Insight’s James Sweetland reports.

FEATURE: The latest report into use of force by the Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) has recommended reconsidering the issuing of firearms to all officers, and restricting the use of Tasers; but the Police Federation has warned that such moves would lead to more officers being attacked and injured, particularly with the continuing terrorist threat, as Policing Insight’s Sarah Gibbons reports.